هندسه، رابطه میان معماری و خیابان
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| This edifice's geometry follows the same lines, directions, and angles that define the street and the crossing beneath. |
This crossing on Sanaee St1 attracts my attention every time I pass it by. It does not follow a fixed linear or perpendicular geometry. The edifice illustrated, sits on a corner of the crossing and its multi angled geometry responds to that nonlinear situation.
Sanaee is a north-south street and although it connects two of the most crowded and famous streets, it remains a rather cozy and quiet place. Facades on the east side of a north-south street, like the one in this drawing, are exposed to direct light from the setting sun in the west. That is why they were usually set back in deep balconies - which is the case for this edifice - covered by canopies, or designed to have horizontal openings in a thick wall, to protect the inside from extreme sunlight.
Unfortunately this doctrine only applied to buildings of a previous Modernist Architecture and is abandoned now.There are two evidences that explain why that architecture did not dure: first, a phenomenal increase in land's price, following a revolution and the war after it (between Iran and Iraq), which turned the building industry into a profitable trade; then a common low price for power and energy in a resource-based-economy such as Iran's, which leads to a prevalent use of modern air-conditioning systems instead of seeking architectural solutions in design to optimize heat control.
High land prices, joined with a lack of sufficient regulating codes in building industry, made balconies, canopies, and architectural elements other than walls or basic dividing planes, into excessive and unnecessary features. The contractors along with buyers, who were not necessarily users, wanted to make the most out of even smallest pieces of land to earn more money - the price for each square meter of a balcony equaled only one thirds of a closed area inside the walls! On the other hand, the low prices of electricity and introduction of modern air-conditioning systems evened the way towards eliminating those features without being affected by the negative consequences in interiors' heat control.
This situation resulted in homogeneous, bald facades that stand the same in east, west, south and north, leaving rare examples like the one in this drawing to be even more remarkable, admirable, and instructive.
This situation resulted in homogeneous, bald facades that stand the same in east, west, south and north, leaving rare examples like the one in this drawing to be even more remarkable, admirable, and instructive.
The facade comprises two main planes; one goes along with Sanaee St, where the entrance in the drawing is located; and the other, having a close angle to this one, is set perpendicular to the other street in the crossing. The difference between these two planes provides a triangle surface for balconies.2
The staircase in the middle of the facade, following the second plane, divides it in two parts. The left is set back in balconies and have tall openings from the floor up to the ceiling. But the part on right, lacking balcony or canopy, has shorter openings to moderate the amount of received sunlight. These later bay openings turn in the corner and are extended to the south facade. This kind of bay windows, dates back to 1960's and is a characteristic of that Modern Movement in Tehran's architecture.
The staircase in the middle of the facade, following the second plane, divides it in two parts. The left is set back in balconies and have tall openings from the floor up to the ceiling. But the part on right, lacking balcony or canopy, has shorter openings to moderate the amount of received sunlight. These later bay openings turn in the corner and are extended to the south facade. This kind of bay windows, dates back to 1960's and is a characteristic of that Modern Movement in Tehran's architecture.
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| The same edifice viewed from a p.o.v differing 90 degrees counter clock wise from the first drawing |
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